In recent weeks, Ukraine has targeted Russian refineries, oil depots, and commercial services with airstrikes, aimed at disrupting critical infrastructure supporting Russia’s war efforts.
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According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, there have been 46. 6 million border crossings from Ukraine since the Russian invasion began in February 2022. Many other people took safe havens in neighboring countries.
The latest data show 27,473,825 border crossings into Poland, 5,852,255 to Romania, 2,852,395 to Russia, 6,252,370 to Hungary, 2,987,955 to Slovakia, 1,236,350 to Moldova and 15,890 into Belarus. Most of those displaced have been women and children. Men aged 18 to 60 have been asked to remain in Ukraine to fight.
Be less than 10 infographics that break down the history, politics, and economics of the Ukrainian Russia crisis.
After months of tension and intense diplomacy, Russian forces have invaded Ukraine. Explosions were heard throughout the country. kyiv declared martial law, saying that Ukraine itself. Below is a summary of the clash at a glance.
Russia and Ukraine were among the 15 Soviet republics that made up the Soviet Union. After the cave of the Soviet Union in 1991, Ukraine declared independence on August 24. The card below shows when of those countries has declared independence.
After independence, Ukraine moved to lose his Russian imperial heritage and always forges ties with the West.
Over the past 30 years, Ukraine has been led by seven presidents. The country has had a rocky path towards democracy with two revolutions, first in 2005 and then in 2014. Both times, protesters rejected Russia’s supremacy and sought a path to join the European Union and NATO.
By comparison, Russia has been led by three presidents, with Putin having been in office for 17 years. In 2021, Putin, the former agent of the Soviet Union’s KGB security services, signed a law that essentially enables him to stay in power until 2036.
Putin has affirmed that Russians and Ukrainians belong to “a people” and are components of the ancient “Russian civilization” that also includes the neighbors. The Ukrainians reject their statements.
Ukraine has an estimated population of 44 million inhabitants, the largest seventh in Europe. The country includes 24 regions, called Oblasts. The population of the country has decreased since the 1990s, with the lowest fertility rates in the world. In 2020, the Ukraine fertility rate only 1. 2. To locate the context, so that ‘a population remains stable, a general fertility rate of 2. 1 is necessary.
Ukraine is the second-largest country in Europe, after Russia. At 603,550sq km (233,031sq miles), Ukraine is a bit smaller than the US state of Texas, about three times smaller than India, half the size of South Africa and about two and a half times the size of the United Kingdom.
NATO is the maximum alliance of the army in the world. Composed of 30 nations, its main role is for its member states through political and army media.
Russia opposes NATO’s bases near its borders and has asked for written promises that NATO will not expand east. One of Kremlin’s central demands is that Ukraine ever deserves to be able to register in NATO, a resolution that sees as a red line. The United States refused to grant this request.
Read more about NATO’s history and here.
Russia has one of the maximum and hard military in the global and is among the maximum defense expenses of five sensible.
In 2020, Russia spent $61. 7 billion on its soldiers, which accounted for 11. 4% of public spending. By comparison, Ukraine spent $5. 9 billion on its armed forces, or 8. 8% of public spending, at the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.
Since tensions began, NATO allies, fearing a possible invasion of the soil through Russia, have intensified for Kiev by sending army aircraft to Ukraine.
Read more about the military capabilities of Russia and Ukraine here.
Russia and Ukraine are both rich in oil and gas. Russia has the world’s highest proven gas reserves at 48,938 billion cubic metres. More than 70 percent of the country’s gas reserves are held by Gazprom, a state-owned energy giant.
Russia supplies around a third fuel of European herbs. American sanctions on the clash can interrupt this offer, exacerbating the crisis of power in Europe. On February 22, Germany interrupted the Nord Stream 2 certification, an allocation of Russian fuel pipes of $ 11. 6 billion designed to move 151 million cubic meters of fuel consistent with the day in Europe.
Russia also has some of the largest oil reserves shown, with 80 billion barrels, or 5% of the global total.
Ukraine, too, has a sizeable reserve of oil and gas at 395 million barrels and 349 billion cubic metres, respectively. The country sits at the crossroads between the West and Russia, and plays a key role in delivering Russian gas to European markets.
Learn about the world’s oil and fuel pipelines here.
More than a quarter of the world’s wheat exports come from Russia and Ukraine. Economic sanctions or military action can have a significant effect on the food charge, while importers look for alternatives. Russia exported $407 billion worth of goods and Ukraine $49 billion in 2019.
Read more about Russia, Ukraine and the global wheat supply here.
In 2019, global oil exporters were Saudi Arabia ($145 billion), Russia ($123 billion), Iraq ($73. 8 billion), Canada ($67. 8 billion), and the United States ($61. 9 billion).
At least 48 countries imported Russian crude oil in 2019. Countries that count the maximum on Russian oil include: Belarus, Cuba, Curacao, Kazakhstan, Latvia, each more than 99% of its crude oil in Russia.
The low chart shows how the country’s general imports of the country come from Russia.
Get more information about what ban on Russian oil here.
Russia is the second largest weapons exporter in the world, the United States, which represents about 20% of global weapons sales. In 2016 and 2020, Moscow sold a value of weapons from $ 28 billion to forty -five countries.
Russia exports almost 90% of its arms to 10 countries. Its largest client, India, bought 23% of Russia’s weapons for about $ 6. 5 billion in the years beyond. Half of the general imports of weapons of India, 49. 3%, come from Russia.
China is the second largest client of Russian weapons with $ 5. 1 billion during the same period, followed through Algeria ($ 4. 2 billion), Egypt ($ 3. 3 billion) and Vietnam ($ 1. 7 billion), to the institute International Stockholm Research (SIPRI).
Learn more about Russian weapons here.